![]() This autophagic process, known as chaperone-mediated autophagy, differs from the other forms of autophagy in both the way in which cargo proteins are recognized for lysosomal delivery and the way in which these proteins reach the lysosomal lumen ( Dice, 2007 Cuervo, 2010). A third form of autophagy, solely dedicated to degradation of soluble proteins can also be detected in most cell types in mammals. Lysosomal enzymes can gain access to the enclosed cargo through direct fusion of the vesicles with lysosomes (in macroautophagy), or by internalization of cargo-containing vesicles that form at the lysosomal membrane (in microautophagy). Macroautophagy and microautophagy are variants of the autophagic process, in which entire regions of cytosol (in ‘bulk’ autophagy) or selective cytosolic components (organelles, protein complexes, protein aggregates, pathogens, etc.) are sequestered in vesicular compartments. Various types of autophagy co-exist in almost all cells, and they can be differentiated by the mechanisms that mediate the delivery of cargo (the substrates to be degraded) to lysosomes. ![]() The term autophagy (or self-eating) is broadly used to designate the lysosomal delivery and degradation of intracellular components ( Mizushima et al., 2008 Mizushima and Levine, 2010 Yang and Klionsky, 2010). Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is an intracellular catabolic pathway that mediates the degradation of a selective subset of cytosolic proteins in lysosomes ( Dice, 2007 Cuervo, 2010 Kon and Cuervo, 2010 Orenstein and Cuervo, 2010). ![]()
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